The Holy Doors are sacred portals found within the four major Papal basilicas in Rome: St. Peter's Basilica, the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran, the Basilica of St. Mary Major, and the Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls. These doors are ceremonially opened only during Jubilee Years, symbolizing the spiritual journey from sin to grace. For pilgrims, crossing these doors is a profound act of faith, offering an opportunity for renewal, forgiveness, and a deeper connection with the divine.
The tradition of the Holy Doors dates back to 1423 when Pope Martin V first opened the door at St. John Lateran. Since then, the custom has expanded to include Rome’s four major basilicas. Each basilica’s Holy Door is sealed from the inside and only opened during Jubilee years by the Pope, marking the start of a Holy Year.
| Basilica | Opening date | Closing date | Notes | Explore the basilica |
|---|---|---|---|---|
St. Peter’s Basilica (Vatican) | 24 December 2024 | 6 January 2026 (Feast of the Epiphany) | The first door to be opened, and the last to be closed, marking both the start and end of the Jubilee. | St. Peter’s Basilica |
Archbasilica of St. John Lateran | 29 December 2024 | 28 December 2025 | The Lateran Basilica is the Pope’s cathedral in Rome. | St. John Lateran |
Basilica of St. Mary Major (Santa Maria Maggiore) | 1 January 2025 (Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God) | 28 December 2025 | Dedicated to the Virgin Mary, its Holy Door invites pilgrims to seek her protection. | St. Mary Major |
Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls | 5 January 2025 | 28 December 2025 | Honoring St. Paul, this Holy Door reflects the call to evangelization. | St. Paul Outside the Walls |
As the heart of Catholicism and the largest church in the world, St. Peter's Basilica is a major pilgrimage site. The Jubilee Year begins here with the ceremonial opening of the Holy Door on Christmas Eve.
The Archbasilica of St. John Lateran is the oldest and highest-ranking of the four major basilicas, known as the "Mother Church of Western Christianity." As the cathedral of the Bishop of Rome, it holds a central place in Catholic faith and has hosted numerous papal coronations and councils.
The Basilica of St. Mary Major is the largest church in Rome dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Dating back to the 5th century, it was built after the Council of Ephesus and is renowned for its Byzantine mosaics and its role in Marian devotion.
The Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls is a monumental tribute to the Apostle Paul, featuring Byzantine mosaics, ancient columns, and the grand apse mosaic depicting Christ with St. Peter and St. Paul. It is also the site of St. Paul’s tomb, drawing millions of pilgrims each year.
The fifth Holy Door for the Jubilee of 2025 is unlike any other, it stands within the walls of Rebibbia Prison in Rome. Opened by Pope Francis on December 26, 2024, the feast of St. Stephen, this unprecedented act extends the Jubilee’s message of mercy and redemption to those often forgotten by society. It is a powerful symbol of hope, reminding all that faith knows no boundaries.
The tradition of opening Holy Doors during special Jubilee years dates back to 1423. Pope Martin V initiated this practice at St. John Lateran. Since then, the custom has expanded to include Rome’s four major basilicas. Each basilica’s Holy Door is sealed from the inside and only opened during Jubilee years by the Pope, marking the start of a Holy Year.
Key milestones include Pope Boniface VIII’s decision in 1300 to hold Jubilees every 25 years and the introduction of indulgences for those who cross the Holy Doors. Over time, the doors have become powerful symbols of forgiveness and renewal, making them a central part of the Jubilee tradition.
An indulgence is a remission of temporal punishment due to sin, granted by the Catholic Church. Note that indulgences do not forgive sins, as that is the role of the Sacrament of Reconciliation. Instead, they reduce the temporal punishment associated with sins already forgiven.
Pilgrims can obtain a special pilgrim's card through local parishes or designated tour operators. This card may be required for certain events and indulgences during the Jubilee. You can register online for free as well.
While no specific prayers are mandated, many pilgrims choose to engage in personal reflection or recite traditional prayers like the Act of Contrition before passing through the Holy Door.
The act of physically crossing the threshold signifies a renewal of faith and a desire for spiritual transformation. As Pope St. John Paul II stated, "To pass through that door means to confess that Jesus Christ is Lord; it is to strengthen faith in him in order to live the new life which he has given us." Ultimately, the experience is deeply personal, inviting pilgrims to experience God's mercy and embrace the spirit of the Jubilee.
Visitors should adhere to a respectful dress code, covering shoulders and knees. Additionally, participating in the Sacrament of Penance is encouraged to fully experience the indulgence associated with passing through the Holy Doors.
Peak times are typically during weekends, holidays, and significant liturgical events, especially around the opening ceremonies. To avoid long lines, plan your visit on weekdays, particularly early in the morning or later in the afternoon. Arriving shortly before opening hours can also help minimize wait times.
Yes, the major basilicas, including those with Holy Doors, generally provide accessibility options for elderly and disabled pilgrims. Ramps and designated pathways are available to facilitate access.
Yes, pilgrims are encouraged to bring personal items or written prayer intentions. While there are no specific guidelines prohibiting this, it is advisable to keep items small and manageable. Many pilgrims choose to leave their intentions at designated areas near the Holy Doors or within the basilicas.
While the main Holy Doors are located at the four major basilicas in Rome, local bishops may designate other significant churches or cathedrals as pilgrimage sites with their own Holy Doors. Check with local dioceses for more information.
For those unable to visit, participating in local Jubilee events, engaging in acts of charity, and seeking the Sacrament of Penance can still offer a meaningful way to experience the spirit of the Jubilee.
St. John Lateran Ticket with Audio Guide
Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore Guided Tour
Day 1:
Day 2:
✔ Comfortable shoes – Expect lots of walking.
✔ Respectful attire – Cover shoulders and knees for religious sites.
✔ Pilgrim Card & QR Code – For priority access.
✔ Water & snacks – Stay hydrated and energized.
✔ Sun protection – Sunscreen, hat, sunglasses (especially in warmer months).
✔ Portable charger – Keep your phone powered for navigation and communication.
🏡 Near the Vatican (Prati, Vatican City) – Ideal for those prioritizing St. Peter’s Basilica, though accommodations tend to be pricier.
🏡 Historic Center (Trastevere, Campo de' Fiori) – Vibrant areas with great restaurants and easy access to major sites.
🏡 Colosseum & Imperial Fora – Perfect for those wanting to explore ancient Rome.
🏡 Monti – A charming, trendy neighborhood close to major attractions.
🏡 Testaccio – A more local experience, famous for traditional Roman cuisine.
